Minority Report has left the screen and is already a reality: A review of the scientific literature on predictive policing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-6622.2025.64.15946Keywords:
Predictive policing, conceptual delimitation, effectiveness, advantages, disadvantages, human rightsAbstract
This article presents a comprehensive review of the literature on predictive policing, addressing its conceptual delimitations, advantages and disadvantages pointed out by the specialized literature, and a critical analysis of the existence of empirical evidence on these aspects. Initially, the various definitions and concepts related to predictive policing found in the literature are discussed, highlighting its application of quantitative techniques to predict geographical areas with a higher probability of criminal activity, as well as individuals or groups more likely to commit or be victims of crimes. The advantages attributed to predictive policing are then presented, including the ability to target police resources more efficiently and effectively, the reduction of crime in specific areas and the increase in the operational efficiency of police forces. However, disadvantages are also discussed, such as the lack of transparency in predictive models, the potential for stigmatization of groups and individuals and ethical concerns regarding privacy and the protection of civil rights. Finally, the article employs an analytical-descriptive methodology associated with a critical-dialectic with the dual purpose of describing the literature prepared as well as critically analyzing the existence of empirical evidence that supports both the positive and negative aspects of predictive policing. It highlights the need for further research to fill the knowledge gaps and provide a more solid understanding of the impacts of predictive policing.
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