A Abordagem Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG): Uma revisão sistemática da literatura aplicada à indústria mundial de petróleo e gás
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21527/2237-6453.2026.64.17422Palavras-chave:
Sustentabilidade Corporativa, Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC), Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG), Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, Recomendações PRISMAResumo
Este artigo se propõe a apresentar a abordagem Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) na indústria mundial de Petróleo e Gás (P&G) por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura a partir das recomendações do Grupo PRISMA que resultaram na análise de 32 artigos científicos a partir dos 312 artigos identificados até 2024. O primeiro foi publicado em 2004 e 70% dos demais foram publicados a partir de 2020, confirmando a contemporaneidade do tema, sendo o regime de coautoria predominante. Os campos correlatos Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC) e ESC constituíram o referencial teórico da grande maioria dos artigos presentes em diferentes periódicos. A indústria de P&G foi analisada em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento com ênfase nos aspectos ambientais e de governança em detrimento dos aspectos sociais, além de terem sido abordadas questões mais amplas como o papel dos Estados, políticas, regulamentação ambiental, tecnologias e recomendações internacionais. Os artigos foram baseados em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, destacando-se neste caso o uso de relatórios de sustentabilidade e de bases de dados de empresas com tratamento estatístico. Foram também identificadas pesquisas de campo apoiadas pelo uso de questionários, entrevistas e da observação direta. Os resultados mostraram na diversidade observada a consolidação da agenda ESG na indústria mundial de P&G.
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