THE LAW OF PEOPLES: A UTOPIA REALISTA RAWLSIANA E A IDEIA DE JUSTIÇA SOCIAL ENTRE OS POVOS

Abstract

In this paper we analyze how the Rawlsian social justice project, originally intended for national societies, was extended to the Peoples' Society in The Law of Peoples. We examine how John Rawls rescues and presents its essential elements in the proposal of justice among peoples, their concern to guarantee stability and the minimum of social justice within the societies that comprise the Society of Peoples. We consider how their objectives are interconnected both in the proposal of political justice for the interior of the States and in the relation between States, guaranteeing the legitimacy of societies from a basic structure and just institutions. In this context, our goal is to demonstrate that by thinking about this parallel process of justice (national and international), and projecting a second, original position, guide to its essential elements for the promotion of social justice among peoples, Rawls also presented the limits of its realistic utopia and the ways to the reconciliation of the individual with the social world to which he belongs. The study was developed based on the hypothetical-deductive approach method, using a theoretical basis present in contemporary political philosophy.