Revista Desenvolvimento em Questão is a publication of the Postgraduate Program in Regional Development at the Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul - Unijuí. The journal aims to provide a space for the dissemination of articles addressing the themes of development, urban and regional planning, and demography. Other topics include historicity, economic, social, and environmental sustainability of socioeconomic systems, power relations, generation and appropriation of wealth and income, and inequality. ISSN: 2237-6453
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Life trajectories and gender relations of associated recyclable material collectors from Chapecó/SC - Brazil
The article investigated the identity of the collectors of recyclable materials in associations in the city of Chapecó/Santa Catarina. It examines the factors that made them recycling professionals and that influenced them to join the associations. The methodology follows a qualitative/quantitative approach, in which semi-structured questionnaires were given to the 120 collectors from the 12 associations in the city. As results we found: a prevalence of women, brown color, and low education. The female workforce gained space in the recycling workforce, but the low level of education and lack of professional training pushes them to work in waste picking. We found no significant differences in the life and work trajectories of women and men inserted in those associations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosane Villanova Borges, Mirian Carbonera, Larissa de Lima Trindade https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) practices and sustainability reports: An international overview
The growing demand for transparency has consolidated sustainability reports and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices as fundamental elements of organizational strategies. This study aims to analyze how international scientific literature has addressed the relationship between the disclosure of ESG practices and sustainability reporting from 2008 to 2025. The methodological approach consisted of a bibliometric analysis guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, based on scientific performance indicators, co-authorship networks, and keyword co-occurrence. The results reveal an exponential growth in publications after 2019 and a shift from theoretical approaches to more pragmatic perspectives, with an emphasis on governance and climate risk management. The thematic evolution indicates an increasing sophistication of research, moving from broad notions such as social responsibility to more strategic themes, including the governance approach, climate risk, and industrial performance. It is concluded that the literature has advanced in understanding the integration between sustainability reporting and ESG practices. Future studies are encouraged to explore the use of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, in the analysis of sustainability data.
Copyright (c) 2026 Leon Agostinho Figueredo Barbosa, Wibson Gomes Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Felix, Maria Vanessa Silva dos Reis, Sandra Maria dos Santos, Augusto Cézar de Aquino Cabral https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Profitability risk in conventional and organic dairy farms in São Paulo State, Brazil
This study analyzed and compared the economic risks of conventional and organic milk production systems in the regions of São José do Rio Preto, Mococa, and Ribeirão Preto (SP), from January 2017 to September 2021, focusing on the probability of negative net margins. For conventional systems, panel data (typical farms) were used, while a case-study approach was adopted for organic systems. Costs were classified into Effective Operating Cost (EOC) and Total Operating Cost (TOC), and revenues included milk and animal sales, which together composed Gross Revenue (GR). Total Net Margin (TNM) and Net Margin considering only milk sales (MNM) were estimated using stochastic simulations to assess risk. Results indicated a low probability of negative profitability when total GR was included. However, when only milk revenue was analyzed, high liquidity risks emerged, particularly for organic farms, with up to an 87.7% probability that milk revenue would not cover TOC. Despite presenting better zootechnical performance indicators, organic systems showed greater economic vulnerability, mainly due to high expenditures on externally purchased concentrates. Sensitivity analysis revealed that milk revenue and concentrate feed costs were the primary determinants of Net Margin. The findings support management strategies and policy design aimed at strengthening the economic sustainability of dairy farming by highlighting the central role of feed cost control and productive efficiency in mitigating liquidity and profitability risks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Juliana Cristina dos Santos, Lucilio Rogerio Aparecido Alves https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Interorganizational arrangements and non-timber extractivism in the Pacoval Quilombo, Pará State
This article analyzes how the interorganizational arrangement of the Entreposto Sociobio Pacoval reorganizes the extractive value chain of cumaru almonds in the Pacoval quilombola community (Alenquer-PA), under power asymmetries in non-timber forest product commercialization. We conducted a case study within an action-research design using mixed methods: thematic analysis of qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative records, comparing the chain before and after the warehouse implementation. Results show that, in the previous arrangement, middlemen and immediate liquidity needs reduced price transparency, bargaining power and value capture. After the warehouse was established, supply was centralized, prices paid and traded volumes increased, and local organizational capacity strengthened. Working-capital constraints, reliance on external partners and logistical weaknesses remain. The study highlights the warehouse as a social technology that repositions quilombola communities in the value chain and informs policies to promote non-timber forest product extractivism.
Copyright (c) 2026 Efrain da Silva Ribeiro, Vander Luiz Barbosa de Sousa, Edilene da Silva Souza, Raoni Fernandes Azerêdo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) approach: A systematic review applied to the oil and gas industry
This paper aims to present the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) approach in the global Oil and Gas (O&G) industry through a systematic review of the literature based on the recommendations of the PRISMA Group, which resulted in the analysis of 32 scientific articles from the 312 articles identified up to 2024. The first was published in 2004, and 70% of the others were published from 2020 onwards, confirming the contemporary nature of the topic, with co-authorship being the predominant form. The related fields of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and ESC constituted the theoretical framework for the vast majority of articles in different journals. The O&G industry was analyzed in developed and developing countries with an emphasis on environmental and governance aspects rather than social aspects. Broader issues such as the role of states, policies, environmental regulation, technologies, and international recommendations were also addressed. The articles were based on bibliographic and documentary research, with emphasis on the use of sustainability reports and company databases with statistical treatment. Field research supported by questionnaires, interviews, and direct observation was also identified. The results showed the consolidation of the ESG agenda in the global O&G industry in the diversity observed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Filipe Simões Ribeiro, Marta Lúcia Azevedo Ferreira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Accountability as a strategy for resource mobilization in nonprofit organizations
This study sought to analyze the extent to which accountability can enhance the processes and outcomes of resource mobilization in third-sector organizations. It is a qualitative, descriptive study conducted through a multiple case analysis involving two nonprofit institutions and two donors associated with each organization. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, recorded, transcribed, and submitted to content analysis, complemented by a similarity analysis supported by the IRaMuTeQ software. The results show that systematic accountability practices, such as the use of social media, financial and technical reports, meetings, and feedback events, strengthen transparency, increase institutional credibility, and contribute to donor retention, positively influencing fundraising efforts. Conversely, relevant barriers were identified, such as the shortage of qualified fundraising professionals, the limited internalization of governance mechanisms, and the social prejudice that still associates the third sector solely with charity, disregarding its economic and productive role. It is concluded that strengthening accountability constitutes a central strategy for building trust-based relationships, expanding the donor base, and enhancing the sustainability of the organizations investigated.
Copyright (c) 2026 Isadora Velho Barcelos Siepmann, Eduardo Tramontin Castanha, Andréia Cittadin, Michele Schneider, Milla Lúcia Ferreira Guimarães https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The dynamics of formal employment by economic activity sectors in the international border municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
This study analyzes the dynamics of formal employment by sectors of economic activity in the international border municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul for the period 2000–2022 and the subperiods 2000–2008, 2008–2016, and 2016–2022. Firstly, the text presents the population dynamics for 2000 and 2022, as well as the dynamics of formal employment by productive sectors in the region in 2000, 2008, 2016, and 2022. Subsequently, the Location Quotient (LQ), Redistribution Coefficient (REDC), and Location Coefficient (LC) are used to identify possible changes in the locational pattern of employment in the region during the analyzed period and its subperiods. The results show that the studied municipalities are quite heterogeneous, both in land area and productive structure, as well as in population size and job creation, with the municipalities of Corumbá and Ponta Porã concentrating 60% of the population and 68.4% of regional jobs in 2022. The results also show that public administration is the region’s main employer, accounting for 23.8% of all jobs in that year. Furthermore, evidence suggests that the locational pattern of employment by economic activity sector underwent changes during the period analyzed, with the sectors of manufacturing, utility services, civil construction, and public administration presenting the most significant spatial changes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vilmar Nogueira Duarte, Rosele Marques Vieira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Organizational justice, opportunism, governance costs and relationship performance: A study in family farming cooperatives
This study investigates the relationship between organizational justice, opportunism, governance costs, and relationship performance within an agricultural cooperative composed of family farming members. A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to cooperative members between August and November 2024. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results indicate predominantly positive perceptions of organizational justice, particularly in the interactional dimension, highlighting respectful treatment and effective communication by the cooperative’s management. Distributive justice was also positively evaluated, although variations were observed regarding the criteria used for distribution. Procedural justice revealed opportunities for improvement, especially in decision-making processes. With respect to opportunism, strong opportunistic behavior was perceived at low levels, though some respondents reported information withholding. Weak opportunism, associated with insufficient support among members, presented a moderate level of perception. Governance costs were assessed as moderate, with greater variability identified in conflict resolution. Overall, relationship performance was highly rated, reinforcing collaboration and mutual support among cooperative members.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamaad Yasin Minozzo Candia , Régio Marcio Toesca Gimenes, Juliana Rosa Carrijo Mauad, Kauê Felipe Ramos de Souza, Nelson Tsuji Junior https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Strengthening the existing relationship between agricultural cooperatives and rural producers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul
This study aimed to propose alternatives to stimulate the strengthening of the relationship between agricultural cooperatives and rural producers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The research method adopted involved a qualitative, exploratory study conducted by means in-depth individual interviews with a semi-structured approach. The content analysis technique was employed for data analysis. For that, the main reasons that led rural producers to join a cooperative were analyzed, along with an understanding of the factors that kept them in this association over time. Understanding these motivations was crucial for improving the relationship and retention of these members. Additionally, a comparative analysis of perceptions regarding the benefits of association was proposed, considering both the perspective of cooperatives and rural producers. The study also identified the expectations and potential demands of younger rural producers, representing the new generations entering agricultural activities. Finally, the study provided concrete guidance to strengthen the relationships between agricultural cooperatives and rural producers in the state. By means this study, therefore, it was possible to contribute to the strengthening and improvement of existing relationships between agricultural cooperatives and rural producers, fostering a more sustainable and collaborative environment for the economic development of the state of RS.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marcia Schmidt, Gabriel Sperandio Milan, Marcelo André Machado, Pietro Cunha Dolci https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
“Valley of hope”: Discursive construction of the legitimacy of lithium exploration in the Vale do Jequitinhonha
This article seeks to answer the research question: How has the legitimacy of lithium mining in the Vale do Jequitinhonha been discursively constructed? In this sense, the aim of the text is to understand how lithium extraction in the region has been legitimized through the meanings attached to the words “development,” “hope,” and “green.” The study adopts a qualitative and descriptive approach, drawing on Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis as its methodological foundation. The research examined 33 texts and 35 Instagram posts, highlighting the terms “development,” “hope,” and “green,” as well as their relations with other words. The results show that lithium mining in the Vale do Jequitinhonha has been promoted as an opportunity for economic development capable of transforming a historically poor region into a hub of progress. This discourse, sustained by the Minas Gerais state government and mining companies, emphasizes job creation and the attraction of investments. However, the rhetoric of “development” often benefits investors while contributing to environmental degradation and the erosion of traditional ways of life. The dominant discourse omits these issues and favors short-term economic interests. This study contributes to the debate by analyzing the lithium mining chain in the Vale do Jequitinhonha, highlighting the construction of a discourse that legitimizes these practices.
Ana Beatriz Cabral Gomes Cardoso Lana Dias
Copyright (c) 2026 Paula Ferreira Ribeiro, Ana Beatriz Cabral Gomes Cardoso Lana Dias, Marcelo Alcântara Beltoso, Valderí de Castro Alcântara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Territorial dynamics and socio-environmental challenges in the contemporary Amazon: An introduction to the debate
This editorial analyzes the territorial configuration of the contemporary Amazon, marked by the persistence of an extractivist development model that generates deep socio-environmental contradictions. The analysis begins with the reconfiguration of space, demonstrating the formation of a heterogeneous and unequal urban network driven by distinct vectors of capital and state action, producing everything from regional metropolises to corporate cities and nodes of precarious services. It then explores the dichotomy between economic growth and social well-being, highlighting the persistence of high vulnerability rates in territories of great mineral wealth, where the precariousness of basic sanitation serves as a critical indicator of structural inequality. The study also addresses local responses to this reality, examining how the absence of the State has compelled the emergence of community-based environmental management strategies and how investment in basic infrastructure becomes a catalyst for sustainability. The editorial deepens the critique by dissecting the dominant agrarian matrix, identifying extensive cattle ranching and logistic expansion as drivers of deforestation and chemical intensification as a new frontier of environmental impact. In contrast, it analyzes the trajectories of sociobiodiversity, which face institutional and regulatory paradoxes that undermine their potential. Finally, the analysis turns to governance, arguing that national political polarization conceals an extractivist consensus that perpetuates a colonial logic, preventing the construction of a sustainable future for the region. The discussion culminates in a reflection on the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP 30), positioning it as a crucial moment that may either reinforce or challenge these historical dynamics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Giliad de Souza Silva, Airton Adelar Mueller https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Poultry integration: contractual relations and production challenges in Miraguaí - RS: A study on contractual and productive challenges in integrated rural systems
This study examines the perceptions of broiler chicken producers in Miraguaí, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) regarding the vertical integration system, focusing on contractual, productive, and environmental aspects. Using a qualitative case study with nine producers integrated with Mais Frango Ltda., interviews and document analysis were conducted. Findings highlight benefits such as technical assistance and input supply, but also challenges including contractual rigidity, lack of protection against market fluctuations, and high production costs. Productive factors like animal welfare and proper management directly affect profitability. Greater clarity, flexibility, and incentives for modernisation are needed to enhance sustainability and balance in contractual relations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maristani Habitzreiter, João Garibaldi Almeida Viana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Women and rural management: A study on the perception of family farmers and livestock producers in the pampa gaúcho
A topic widely discussed today, the role of women in conducting rural activities, has gained notoriety in Brazil and around the world. Every day data is presented that demonstrates that there is no space or profession that women cannot access. This study aimed to analyze the perception of family farmers and ranchers in Pampa Gaúcho about their role in rural management, identifying the challenges faced and the strategies adopted to overcome obstacles. Eleven women who reside in rural areas and play a prominent role in the management of their properties were interviewed. Interviewees were contacted using the key informant method. Methodologically, this article is based on qualitative research, the data was analyzed through content analysis. The main results express that difficulties such as prejudice, lack of recognition, and overload of responsibilities, on the other hand, reflect the persistence of cultural and structural barriers. However, the resilience and ability of these professional women to overcome obstacles and seek solutions to the problems they face daily also stand out.
Copyright (c) 2025 Shirley Grazieli da Silva Nascimento, Cassandra Nascimento Rodrigues, Cláudio Marques Ribeiro, Rodrigo da Silva Lisboa, Juliano Luiz Fossá, Joélio Farias Maia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative tourism on the Arigos Route in Porto Velho / RO - Brazil
This article aims to describe tourists' perceptions of creative tourism on the Rota dos Arigós. Creative tourism is a type of tourism that seeks to engage tourists in creative and interactive activities. This article will investigate tourists' perceptions of creative tourism on the Rota dos Arigós-Porto Velho, considering the four dimensions proposed by Cavalcante: learning, creativity, participation, and authenticity. The study used a qualitative approach and field research with nine tourists, who experienced the route and were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis followed the content analysis technique. The results indicate that tourists perceive the Rota dos Arigós as a space for historical and cultural reinterpretation, with emphasis on learning about migration from the Northeast, local architecture, and the narratives involved. Creativity was perceived in elements such as cordel literature and architectural singularities, although some participants pointed out gaps in the absence of artistic interventions and more interactive activities. The authenticity of the experience was associated with the tourists' emotional connection with their own stories and the originality of the attractions. However, the participation dimension was identified as the least explored, revealing the need for greater involvement of the local community in the Route.
Patrimônio Cultural e Interdisciplinaridade
Copyright (c) 2025 Lidiane da Silva Bandeira de Oliveira, Mariluce Paes-de-Souza, Dércio Bernardes de Souza, Haroldo de Sá Medeiros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Management of partnerships with Civil Society Organizations (CSO) post-regulatory framework (MROSC): Effectiveness of law 13.019/2014 in Campo Belo – MG (Brazil)
This article analyzes the effects of Law No. 13.019/2014 — the Legal Framework for Civil Society Organizations (MROSC) — on partnerships between local government and welfare organizations in Campo Belo–MG. It aims to assess the effectiveness of MROSC implementation at the municipal level, considering criteria such as legality, legitimacy, institutional alignment, and public value creation. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, including document analysis, questionnaires with CSO representatives, and semi-structured interviews with public managers. The results indicate progress in the formalization of partnerships and attention to legal requirements and social control. However, challenges persist, such as the frequent use of exemption from public calls and weak monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. Based on Cabral’s (2015) seven categories of effectiveness, the study identifies advances in institutional alignment and shared public values but also highlights gaps in democratic deliberation and political sustainability. The findings reinforce the need for institutional strengthening, technical training for both public managers and CSO leaders, and closer articulation with government planning instruments. The study concludes that while MROSC has enhanced regulation and transparency, its effectiveness relies on participatory practices and continuous evaluation mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dayanna Cristina Pereira Nunes, Eloísa Helena de Souza Cabral https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Heritage gaps and the concentration of federally listed heritage assets in Santa Catarina: An interdisciplinary perspective for regional development
This article examines the relationship between cultural heritage and regional development in Santa Catarina, drawing on the 86 assets designated as tombado (federally listed) by Brazil’s National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN) as of June 2025. The study adopts an interdisciplinary approach that combines documentary analysis of listing processes, descriptive statistics, and thematic cartography. The findings reveal marked spatial concentration: Florianópolis, Blumenau, Pomerode, Joinville, Timbó, and Indaial account for about 65% of protected assets. At the regional scale, concentrations are highest in the Vale do Itajaí and Greater Florianópolis, followed by the Northern Coastal corridor, whereas the Planalto Serrano and the West/Extreme West exhibit heritage gaps. By typology, standalone buildings predominate, followed by “building/collection,” with few urban ensembles; there is no federal listing of natural heritage. This distribution indicates a selectivity that favors economically consolidated centers and monumental typologies, reproducing regional inequalities. The results also suggest that diversifying typologies, extending technical and financial support to peripheral municipalities, and integrating cultural, environmental, and urban policies could broaden the territorial reach of protection. Collaborative governance arrangements, as well as actions targeting cultural landscapes and natural assets, emerge as promising pathways to align heritage preservation with regional development and social inclusion strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tairine Gabriela Pereira Lopes, Guilherme Augusto Hilário Lopes, Maiko Rafael Spiess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Between spaces and meanings: The influence of architectural heritage on the urban cultural landscape
The cultural landscape comprises the analysis of the dynamic integration between society and nature, in which architectural heritage provides uniqueness to the territory by reflecting the historical interaction between human beings and the natural environment. In this sense, the research seeks to reflect on the role of architectural heritage in the constitution of the urban cultural landscape, based on four previously defined analytical axes: Collective Identity, Articulation between Time and Space, Historical Testimony, and Symbolic and Aesthetic Value. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach grounded in bibliographic review and documentary analysis, using categorical content analysis for data interpretation. From these four axes, the scope of the research focuses on analyzing the role of architectural heritage in shaping the urban cultural landscape in Brazilian cities, considering its multiple dimensions. As for the results, it is observed that architectural heritage, when integrated into the urban cultural landscape, directly influences the perception and appropriation of space, functioning as an element of social cohesion and symbolic reference. The interrelation between spaces and meanings proves fundamental for the constitution of valued cities, in which the recognition and preservation of cultural heritage contribute to strengthening the sense of belonging and collective identity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tarcisio Dorn de Oliveira, Franciele Zientarski Engerroff https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Indigenous history in the Taquari Valley, Rio Grande do Sul
Archaeological studies and historical documents indicate that Indigenous presence in the Taquari Valley region predates European immigration, with documented interactions between settlers and native populations. However, the way this history is narrated in schools, public discourse, and local collective memory reveals a disconnection between the present and the Indigenous past. This article investigates how the marginalization of Indigenous history is reproduced in the official narratives of municipal websites, despite the legal requirement to include Indigenous history and culture in the school curriculum (Law 10.639/2003). The study adopts a qualitative and analytical approach, conducting a systematic content analysis of the official websites of the 36 municipalities in the Taquari Valley, southern Brazil. The methodology combines empirical analysis of public documents with historiographical, archaeological, and critical literature on historical erasure and memory politics. Data were categorized according to four analytical dimensions: power, information, negation, and representativeness. The results indicate significant conceptual gaps, superficial narratives, and widespread omission of the region’s Indigenous history, particularly regarding Jê and Guarani groups who occupied the area from the 9th to the 19th centuries. These omissions are reinforced by an emphasis on Eurocentric colonization narratives, limited use of academic references, and a lack of compliance with legal educational frameworks. The research demonstrates that municipal digital platforms act as tools that reinforce historical silencing, and it proposes strategies for reconstructing more accurate, inclusive, and scientifically grounded representations of Indigenous heritage in the Taquari Valley.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rian Eduardo Diedrich, Neli Teresinha Galarce Machado, Patrícia Schneider, Luize de David Rodrigues Milanêz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Challenges of the life in transit program in Paraná: The perception of the implementers
The implementation of public policies involves complexities that challenge their effectiveness, especially in areas that impact all of society, such as road traffic. Public policies are key instruments for promoting road safety. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Programa Vida no Trânsito (Life in Traffic Program – PVT) in the state of Paraná from 2011 to 2023, examining the main factors and dynamics that shape its execution in practice, based on the perceptions of its stakeholders. This study adopts an empirical approach, using a case study strategy that combines both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and the analysis of primary and secondary sources from official databases. The analysis employed data triangulation and pattern-matching techniques, comparing empirical evidence with theoretical propositions. The results indicate that the implementation of the PVT in Paraná was generally positive, functioning through a hybrid implementation model that integrates top-down and bottom-up approaches. The study concludes that activities are carried out without a dedicated structure or specific funding, depending instead on the resources of each partner. These weaknesses are overcome challenges, as the program, driven by the engagement of multiple sectors, demonstrates a resilience that keeps it active and relevant.
Copyright (c) 2025 Everton Gomes da Cunha, Maria Alejandra Nicolás https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Infrastructure and socio-productive systems: Challenges for integrated management in protected areas of the Lower Rio Negro Mosaic
Mosaics of Protected Areas emerge as an approach to strengthen the management of protected areas in Brazil, aiming for more effective governance through the integration of territories. We present the case of the Mosaic of the Lower Rio Negro (MBRN), in Amazonas, to reflect on the challenges of integrated management in Conservation Units with resident populations. Through structured questionnaires applied in 115 traditional communities of eight MBRN protected areas in 2022, we characterized productive practices and access to community infrastructure items. Later, we tested the hypothesis that larger traditional communities with more community infrastructure items present more productive practices. We identified that practices such as agriculture, fishing, crafts, and extractivism were homogeneous throughout the territory, while tourism activities, natural resource management, and livestock were developed in specific territories. No protected area can be characterized as excellent in relation to access to infrastructure, highlighting the precariousness of services in the region. We found that access to community infrastructure items enables the development of more productive practices, regardless of the size of the community. The territory of the MBRN revealed great heterogeneity in access to community infrastructure and socio-productive systems, which hinders the implementation of integrated management strategies. We highlight the significant challenge of jointly managing the territory to guarantee the quality of life and preserve the Amazon socio-biodiversity.
ESTUDOS REGIONAIS E URBANOS SOBRE A AMAZÔNIA
Copyright (c) 2025 Rayssa Bernardi Guinato, José Diego Gobbo Alves, Ana Claudeise Silva do Nascimento, Alvaro de Oliveira D'Antona https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Deforestation in the amazon: an analysis using the MQO Method
The Amazon biome represents about 49% of the Brazilian territory. With the occupation process that advanced rapidly from the 1960s, there was an equally accelerated suppression of the forest that characterizes the biome, reaching, in 2020, 74.2 million hectares of deforested area. In this context, the research analyzed, in empirical terms, the main apparent causes of deforestation in the 513 municipalities that make up the biome. Using the main variables mentioned in the literature, mathematical modeling of deforestation was carried out using MQO. The work concludes that the regression model identified that the expansion of the cattle herd, the expansion of roads and the proximity to consumer centers are the main factors that contribute to the deforestation of the biome.
Copyright (c) 2025 Emilio Campos Mendes, Maurílio de Abreu Monteiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Health surveillance actions qualification program: An evaluation of results
The Health Surveillance Action Qualification Program, implemented in 2013, aims to improve health surveillance actions in Brazil, with commitments between the federal, state, and municipal spheres. This study carried out a literature review on the program, in addition to a descriptive analysis of the annual results of the municipalities in the period from 2013 to 2022, evaluating adherence, achievement of goals, and distribution of resources. It was observed that since the first year of the program, the adherence of states and municipalities was significant. Regarding the achievement of goals, there was an increase in the number of goals achieved in 2022, compared to 2013, with emphasis on the goals related to data input into health systems, such as death records and notifications of work-related injuries. In contrast, the goals for vaccination coverage and control of sexually transmitted diseases showed low performance, reflecting challenges in the implementation of effective actions. The distribution of resources also showed growth in the number of municipalities that received full transfers, although larger municipalities had greater difficulty in meeting the required criteria.
Copyright (c) 2025 Laís de Sousa Abreu Soares, Lívia Ornelas Hisse, Ana Cecília Almeida, Cristiana Tristão Rodrigues https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The metropolization of the legal amazon: The historical and socioeconomic process of the formation of the capital of Carajás
The article analyzes the process of metropolization in Marabá, highlighting its historical, socio-economic, and spatial evolution as a regional hub in southeastern Pará and within the Carajás Integration Region. Originally based on vegetal and mineral extractivism, the municipality underwent significant transformations from the developmental projects of the 1960s and 1970s, which spurred infrastructure, industrialization, and migratory flows. The study investigates how historical, economic, and political factors contributed to the consolidation of Marabá as a metropolitan center and the contemporary challenges arising from this trajectory, such as social inequality, environmental vulnerability, and the lack of integrated urban planning. Aiming to map the historical and socio-economic trajectory, identify structural factors of metropolization, and provide methodological support for future research, the study adopted a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory approach, integrating literature review, documentary analysis, and secondary data while articulating historical, social, economic, and environmental perspectives. The results indicate that the city developed a poly-nucleated urban pattern, marked by population and economic flows that reflect both advances and contradictions of the regional development model, underscoring Marabá’s importance in the Amazonian context and providing insights for sustainable public policies that consider the city’s specificities and potential.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bruna de Souza Xavier, José Wanderley Moura Nogueira, Lucas Di Candia Ramundo, Dyeggo Rocha Guedes, Jorge Macedo Simões https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Araguaia River and blue bioeconomy: alternative for development in the amazon of Tocantins State, Brazil
This study explores the relationship between Araguaia River within the state of Tocantins, Brazilian Amazon, and Blue Bioeconomy using a methodology grounded in related studies, secondary data, the Locational Quotient (LQ), and ANOVA statistics. This procedure allowed a comparison analysis with the southern Tocantins River, which has a quite distinct profile from Araguaia. Results indicate that the Araguaia-Blue Bioeconomy link is rooted in landscape exploration for tourism, particularly in the municipalities of Araguacema and Caseara, generating employment and income, as well as in the preservation of local knowledge exemplified by traditional fishing within communities. The integration of these activities should foster regional development, provided that recurrent territorial conflicts are resolved, which originated from past neglect and misguided decisions by authorities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Thiago Arruda, Marta Eichemberger Ummus, Rodolfo Alves da Luz, Andrea Elena Pizarro Munoz, Kennedy Douglas Leocadio Vasco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Evolution of the milk value chain in Colméia - TO / Brazil and its interactions with the territory
The objective of the was to describe the evolution of the milk value chain in Colméia and its interactions with the territory. Secondary data collection involved bibliographic and documentary research. Primary data were collected through 43 semi-structured interviews conducted using non-probabilistic sampling with the main actors in Colméia's milk value chain, based on the theoretical framework of GVCs. It was observed that the milk value chain and the municipality's development are interconnected, with agriculture and livestock playing fundamental roles in Colméia's growth. The milk value chain emerged alongside the settlement and maintained modest, artisanal, and informal production for decades. In the second half of the 1990s, the first dairy plants were formalized, paving the way for two significant leaps in milk production in the following decades. The activity remains essential to the local economy, generating employment and income, although it faces important bottlenecks. Further studies are needed to address other aspects of the sector and explore the gaps that persist.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alessandra Polastrini, Manoel Xavier Pedroza Filho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Sustainable regional development in the amazon: The role of herbal medicine businesses and public policies
The role of public policies in the sustainable regional development of the Brazilian Amazon, with a focus on small enterprises that utilize medicinal plants and phytotherapeutics, is of paramount importance, as they can contribute to the bioproducts sector, considering both national and international markets. The research uses the New Economic Geography (NEG) theory as a theoretical foundation to understand the challenges and opportunities associated with the bioeconomy in the region. Structural obstacles, such as the lack of infrastructure and effective regulations, as well as the need for integration between traditional knowledge and modern science, are highlighted. Policies such as the National Policy on Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics (PNPMF) are emphasized as essential tools for promoting sustainable biodiversity management, fair benefit-sharing, and technological innovation. Case studies are also presented to contextualize the application of NEG theory. Related to this research, it is concluded that the sustainable development of the Amazon requires coordinated actions between the government, private sector, and local communities, prioritizing strategies that balance environmental conservation and income generation, consolidating the region as a global bioeconomy hub.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gildázio Pereira da Silva Júnior, Mariangela Soares de Azevedo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Ethics in business administration literature in Brazil: A bibliometric study
Brazilian bibliometric studies on business ethics generally adopt limited search strategies and restricted timeframes. In this article, we broaden that perspective by conducting a bibliometric study on ethics in the field of Business Administration in Brazil, covering all articles published up to December 2019. A bibliometric analysis was carried out on 177 articles from Spell, one of the main Brazilian databases in the field, using the following techniques: five indicators based on the principles and laws of bibliometrics, co-authorship network analysis, and keyword frequency. The results reveal: (1) an expansion of research coverage compared to previous studies; (2) evidence of a substantive body of research on ethics in Business Administration in Brazil; (3) identification of the most relevant authors and journals; (4) restriction of co-authorship partnerships to intra-institutional relationships; and (5) concentration of research in the subthemes of Corporate Social Responsibility, Marketing and Advertising, and Moral Theory. The central contribution of the study is to expand the understanding of Brazilian literature on ethics in Business Administration, providing support for new investigations and encouraging greater international integration of national research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sr. Rafael Rodrigues de Castro, Sr. José de Arimatéia Dias Valadão, Sr. Armindo dos Santos de Sousa Teodósio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urban growth and socioeconomic dynamics in amazonian cities: A case study of the city of Soure – PA / Brazil
This study conducts a multitemporal analysis (1980–2022) of urban growth in Soure, Pará, examining its centrality within the regional urban network and residents’ socioeconomic profiles. Methodologically, it integrates remote sensing, IBGE census data (2010, 2022), documentary review, and structured surveys of 357 residents. Findings identify Soure—a minor town in Marajó Archipelago’s Breves Intermediate Region—as a critical service hub for adjacent communities. Its tourism/livestock economy contrasts with the forest-based economies of neighboring municipalities. Significant demographic growth observed across four decades has outpaced infrastructure investments. Nevertheless, Soure attracts migration through concentrated service delivery (e.g., educational facilities), despite persistent urban deficiencies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Giovanna Vieira Domiciano, Sandra Maria Fonseca da Costa, Monique Bruna do Carmo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Flour “know-how”: Getting to know the production and producers of cassava flour / Brazil
The cassava production chain is important for family farming, as it involves the growing, selling, and consuming of cassava. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental profile of cassava flour producers in Agrovila de Nazaré and surrounding areas, located in Castanhal, Pará state. This study highlighted the relationships between traditional knowledge, production dynamics, and rural living conditions, as well as the implications of these findings for the sustainability of family farming and local development. Data collection involved a structured questionnaire with socioeconomic, environmental, and production questions, and responses were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The results were presented by owners and community members. It was found that most respondents learned the know-how of making cassava flour from their parents. Of the landowners, 36.36% are between 45 and 54 years old, and 72.73% have a monthly income of one to two minimum wages, while 37.31% of the community members interviewed are between 33 and 43 years old, and 70.15% have a monthly income of less than one minimum wage. Most respondents have incomplete elementary education. Regarding water supply, 90.91% of the landowners have an artesian well and are satisfied with the water quality. In contrast, 47.76% of the community members use public water and are dissatisfied with its quality. Regarding garbage collection, the majority of respondents—63.64% and 68.66% of landowners and community members, respectively—reported that collection is carried out. Regarding flour processing waste, cassava is disposed of directly on the ground without treatment, and the husks are used as fertilizer, animal feed, or sold. The importance of the cassava production chain and flour production for family farmers was verified as it promotes food security and employment in rural areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rayssa Silva dos Santos, Suely Cristina Gomes de Lima, Suezilde da Conceição Amaral Ribeiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Implementation of Bragança flour origin indication: Challenges and controversies in the process of regularization of houses of flour
Cassava flour is a food of indigenous origin found in all Brazilian states, with Pará being the main producer. Bragança flour stands out for being the most well-known and the only one with a Geographical Indication registration in the state. The research aims to analyze the regulation process of flour mills and how it impacts the development of the Bragança Flour IP territory. The research uses technical procedures, including bibliographic and documentary analyses, based on information provided by the Cooperativa Mista dos Agricultores Familiares e Extrativistas dos Caetés (Caetés Mixed Cooperative of Family Farmers and Extractivists) and government institutions. The Bragança Flour GI is still in its initial implementation phase, but challenges remain in this process, the biggest of which is the regularization of flour mills. The observation points out that there are a number of issues regarding the present and future of the Farinha de Bragança Indication of Origin that need to be reevaluated, involving the lack of public policies aimed at the flour production chain, revisions of documents, and informational, educational, and structural-organizational actions, as well as democratization of access to the GI sign, especially for small family producers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Stéphanie Oliveira da Silva, Benedito Ely Valente da Cruz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/