Treino de equilíbrio combinado à reabilitação pulmonar melhora o equilíbrio postural na doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica: Revisão sistemática e metanálise
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2026.51.16946Palavras-chave:
Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, Equilíbrio postural, Exercício físico, Reabilitação, MetanáliseResumo
Objetivo: Sintetizar os efeitos de diferentes intervenções terapêuticas baseadas em exercícios nos desfechos equilíbrio postural, ocorrência de quedas, força muscular periférica e capacidade funcional em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC). Métodos: A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados: MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, PEDro, CENTRAL, CINAHL e LILACS até janeiro de 2025. Dois revisores realizaram a seleção, extração dos dados e avaliação do risco de viés dos estudos (Cochrane Handbook) e da qualidade da evidência (GRADE) independentemente. Resultados: Dezessete ensaios clínicos randomizados preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade (n=859 pacientes). A adição do treino de equilíbrio (TE) à reabilitação pulmonar (RP) propiciou melhora significativa do equilíbrio (MD 4,02 pontos; IC 95% 0,78-7,27) em relação à RP convencional. A plataforma vibratória e a estimulação elétrica neuromuscular (EENM) também promoveram melhora do equilíbrio. A EENM na RP aumentou a força muscular periférica (MD 36,3 N, IC 95% 15,0-57,6) e a capacidade funcional (MD 40,91 m, IC 95% 21,17-60,65). Conclusão: Esta revisão sistemática e metanálise sugere que as intervenções terapêuticas TE, plataforma vibratória ou EENM adicionadas à RP têm potencial de melhorar o equilíbrio na DPOC. Apesar desses achados promissores, estudos maiores com baixo risco de viés são necessários.
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Direitos autorais (c) 2026 Tamires Daros dos Santos, Alyssia Hammel Bittencourt , Charlise Comoretto Tolfo , Dannuey Machado Cardoso , Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto , Aron Ferreira da Silveira , Isabella Martins de Albuquerque
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